Q2 - ROOTS AND AFFIXES

 Roots and Affixes

Word Wizards: Unraveling the Mystery of Affixes and Roots!

Have you ever wondered how words are built? It's like magic, right? Well, the secret lies in special parts called affixes and roots. Think of affixes like tiny building blocks, and roots as the foundation of a word. Together, they create the amazing and diverse vocabulary we use every day!

Meet the Roots:

Imagine roots as the core meaning of a word. They carry the basic message and give the word its identity. So, a root like "graph" means "to write," and "aqua" means "water." These roots can stand alone as words, but they often get dressed up with affixes to create whole new words!

Affixes: The Helpers

Now, affixes are like helpful friends who join roots to change their meaning or function. They can be attached to the beginning of a word (prefixes) or the end (suffixes). Let's see how they work:

  • Prefixes: Imagine putting a "pre"vious outfit on your favorite shirt. A prefix comes before the root and adds a specific meaning. For example, "un" in "unlock" means "not," so "unlock" means to take away the lock. Other cool prefixes include "re" (again), "dis" (not), and "pre" (before).
  • Suffixes: Think of adding a stylish "suffix" to your outfit like a scarf or hat. A suffix comes after the root and changes its role in a sentence. For example, "er" in "baker" turns the root "bake" into someone who does the baking. Other useful suffixes include "est" (most), "ly" (like), and "ful" (full of).

Word Power!

By understanding affixes and roots, you become a word wizard! You can:

  • Decode new words: If you see a familiar root, you can guess the meaning of the word even if you've never seen it before.
  • Build your vocabulary: Knowing prefixes and suffixes allows you to create new words and express yourself more precisely.
  • Spell better: Understanding the structure of words helps you remember their spelling more easily.

So, the next time you encounter a new word, don't be afraid! Break it down into its parts - the root and affixes - and unlock its meaning. With a little practice, you'll be a word expert in no time!

Affixes and Roots: Let's Practice!

Exercise 1: Identify the Roots

In each word below, underline the root and write its meaning in the blank.

  1. Unhappy

Root: __________ (Meaning: __________ )

  1. Playful

Root: __________ (Meaning: __________ )

  1. Preheat

Root: __________ (Meaning: __________ )

  1. Unlock

Root: __________ (Meaning: __________ )

  1. Aquarium

Root: __________ (Meaning: __________ )

Exercise 2: Prefixes in Action!

Write the missing prefix to complete each word.

  1. Rewrite (write again)
  2. Disagree (not agree)
  3. Unpack (take out of packing)
  4. Preview (see something before it happens)
  5. Misunderstand (understand something incorrectly)

Exercise 3: Suffixes to the Rescue!

Add the correct suffix to change the root word into a new word.

  1. Create + ion = __________
  2. Help + er = __________
  3. Care + ful = __________
  4. Kind + ly = __________
  5. Fast + est = __________

Exercise 4: Decoding Mystery Words!

Use your knowledge of roots and affixes to guess the meaning of these words.

  1. Transform
  2. Misplace
  3. Prehistoric
  4. Recycle
  5. Superpower

Exercise 5: Word Building Challenge!

Choose a root word you like and create three new words using prefixes and suffixes. Share your creations with your friends and see if they can guess the original root word!

ANSWER KEY TO THE EXERCISES


Exercise 1: Identify the Roots

  1. Unhappy
    • Root: happy (Meaning: Content, joyful)
  2. Playful
    • Root: play (Meaning: To engage in activity for enjoyment)
  3. Preheat
    • Root: heat (Meaning: To make or become warm)
  4. Unlock
    • Root: lock (Meaning: A device used to fasten something)
  5. Aquarium
    • Root: aqua (Meaning: Water)

Exercise 2: Prefixes in Action!

  1. Rewrite (write again)
  2. Disagree (not agree)
  3. Unpack (take out of packing)
  4. Preview (see something before it happens)
  5. Misunderstand (understand something incorrectly)

Exercise 3: Suffixes to the Rescue!

  1. Create + ion = creation
  2. Help + er = helper
  3. Care + ful = careful
  4. Kind + ly = kindly
  5. Fast + est = fastest

Exercise 4: Decoding Mystery Words!

  1. Transform: Change completely
  2. Misplace: Put something in the wrong place
  3. Prehistoric: Existing before history was recorded
  4. Recycle: Process materials so they can be used again
  5. Superpower: An extraordinary ability

ADDITIONAL NOTES:

Common Prefixes:

  • anti-: against (anti-war)
  • dis-: not, opposite (disagree)
  • en-, em-: in, put into (encourage, empower)
  • fore-: before (foresee)
  • in-, im-, il-, ir-: not, without (impossible, illegal, illiterate, irregular)
  • inter-: between (interstate)
  • mid-: middle (midday)
  • mis-: wrong, badly (misspell)
  • over-: too much, above (overeat, overhead)
  • pre-: before (prehistoric)
  • re-: again, back (reheat, return)
  • sub-: under, below (submarine)
  • super-: above, over (superhero)
  • trans-: across, through (transport)
  • un-: not, opposite (unlock)
  • under-: below, less than (underground, underestimate)

Common Suffixes:

  • -able, -ible: able to be (readable, possible)
  • -al, -ial: relating to (musical, national)
  • -ed: past tense (played)
  • -en: made of, to make (wooden, frighten)
  • -er: person who does something (teacher, writer)
  • -est: most (highest, fastest)
  • -ful: full of (helpful, joyful)
  • -ic: relating to (athletic, historic)
  • -ing: present tense (singing)
  • -ion, -tion: act of (creation, education)
  • -ity, -ty: state of being (beauty, honesty)
  • -ive, -ative, -itive: tending to (creative, destructive, informative)
  • -less: without (hopeless)
  • -ly: like, in a way (happily, quietly)
  • -ment: act of, state of being (development, excitement)
  • -ness: state of being (kindness, sadness)

Common Roots:

  • aqua: water
  • bio: life
  • chrono: time
  • geo: earth
  • graph: write
  • ject: throw
  • loqu: speak
  • micro: small
  • mit: send
  • phon: sound
  • photo: light
  • tele: far
  • therm: heat
  • tract: pull
  • vis: see
  • voc: voice

These are just a few of the many common prefixes, suffixes, and roots in English. Learning them can help you understand the meaning of new words and improve your vocabulary.

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